WEBVTT Kind: captions Language: en 00:00:04.320 --> 00:00:06.560 To me technology enables the science   00:00:09.520 --> 00:00:16.320 edna is environmental dna and so what  it really is is a catch-all term for   00:00:17.120 --> 00:00:21.280 all of the cellular material that  organisms shed into their environment 00:00:27.920 --> 00:00:33.200 rather than having to go sample every plant  or animal directly what we can do is capture   00:00:33.200 --> 00:00:38.480 an environmental sample and extract dna  directly out of that environmental sample 00:00:41.520 --> 00:00:48.640 these bottles descend down open and the water  sample is then captured at specific depth   00:00:51.680 --> 00:00:58.160 when the water comes up on board we will filter  it and capture any of the dna in the water   00:00:58.160 --> 00:01:04.240 sample on a filter we will then preserve that  filter and it will get sent off to a lab where   00:01:04.240 --> 00:01:08.800 it will be sequenced and we will figure out  what kind of organisms were in the environment   00:01:08.800 --> 00:01:15.920 at the time we collected those samples one  of the nice things about it is it is found   00:01:15.920 --> 00:01:20.880 throughout the ocean so we can collect it from  the surface all the way down to the handle zones 00:01:23.600 --> 00:01:28.880 one of the things we can use environmental dna  for is things like rov surveys where when you're   00:01:28.880 --> 00:01:33.680 doing that kind of visual survey you're  limited to the field of view of the camera   00:01:33.680 --> 00:01:38.880 oh you're seeing those we're more scared  oh if you look at v2 right now the vehicle   00:01:38.880 --> 00:01:46.000 doesn't turn to get that animal on camera then  we will have no way of knowing that it was there   00:01:46.000 --> 00:01:50.560 but because it's shedding cellular material  into its environment if we take a water   00:01:50.560 --> 00:01:54.800 sample right there that water sample will  contain that material and it allows us   00:01:54.800 --> 00:01:58.320 to detect that animal and know that it  was there even though we didn't see it 00:02:04.000 --> 00:02:08.240 one of the problems with doing  things like deep sea coral surveys   00:02:08.240 --> 00:02:14.080 is a lot of deep sea corals are very difficult  to separate and identify visually we can   00:02:14.080 --> 00:02:18.880 have two or three different species that  unless you look at them under a microscope   00:02:18.880 --> 00:02:22.800 you can't tell that they're different species  and so when you're doing something like an   00:02:22.800 --> 00:02:29.120 rov survey and you just have that picture we can't  tell if it's species a b or c but if we take that   00:02:29.120 --> 00:02:35.840 water sample we can compare it to our genetic  reference library and tell which species we have 00:02:38.000 --> 00:02:43.440 it's also been really important for detecting  rare species because you can detect things at   00:02:43.440 --> 00:02:48.320 high sensitivity things that you have trouble  finding in a net or finding in a survey because   00:02:48.320 --> 00:02:53.840 they're so rare it's excellent at doing that kind  of detection so i guess one of the ways we would   00:02:53.840 --> 00:02:59.440 be able to identify this is to count its tentacles  but uh looks like that's pretty impossible in this   00:02:59.440 --> 00:03:06.160 position that it's in right now the water column  is the largest environment on earth and it is the   00:03:06.160 --> 00:03:12.160 therefore the largest unexplored environment on  earth and edna is going to allow us to explore   00:03:12.160 --> 00:03:17.840 the water column more so than we have ever been  able to do before in NOAA Ocean Exploration 00:03:23.600 --> 00:03:27.920 it's become another really important  tool kind of in the biological survey 00:03:27.920 --> 00:03:34.960 toolbox this is going to be  a revolutionary technique for   00:03:35.520 --> 00:03:45.840 getting a baseline understanding  of unexplored areas of the deep sea 00:03:51.440 --> 00:03:51.520